WBCS PRELI 2021 ENGLISH ANSWER

 WBCS PRELI 2021 ENGLISH ANSWER

1. The word 'claustrophobia' means

(A) fear of darkness

(B) fear of crowds

(C) fear of confined spaces

(D) fear of water

Fear of darkness is called nyctophobia

Fear of crowds is called enochlophobia

Fear of water is called aquaphobia

2. Fill in the blank with the suitable option: 

She ______ from the bus and walked to the back-gate.

(A) boarded

(B) stepped

(C) moved

(D) alighted

She boarded a train / ship / plane to Mumbai. 

Board (Verb) means to get on / enter something in order to travel.

Embark means to begin a journey especially on a ship or plane.

The students are waiting to embark for America. 

Embark on / upon means to begin (a journey) 

The students embarked on their trip to America.

Alight means to come down from a vehicle. Synonyms - dismount, get off, get down, get out of

He alighted from the bus. He got off / got out of the bus. 

Do not get down from a running train / bus. 

3. To feel 'under the weather' means

(A) feel depressed

(B) feel uncomfortable

(C) feel unwell

(D) feel uncertain

4. The word 'vicissitude' means

(A) change

(B) stagnation

(C) uniformity

(D) stability

Vicissitudes of life means changes that happen in life.

5. The synonym of 'supercilious' is

(A) officious

(B) superficial

(C) delicious

(D) haughty

Supercilious means showing arrogant superiority to others; উদ্ধত 

Synonyms - scornful, arrogant, disdainful, imperious, haughty

Supercilious contempt - চরম অবজ্ঞা

Supercilious disregard - চরম অসম্মান 

Supercilious remarks - অশালীন মন্তব্য

Supercilious demeanour - বিদ্বেষপূর্ণ আচরণ

6. The word 'officious' means

(A) self-important

(B) official

(C) serious

(D) enterprising

Officious means intrusiveness, meddlesomeness; কর্তামি, ওস্তাদি, আগবাড়া, অনধিকারচর্চা

7. Fill in the blank with the suitable preposition: 

He presided ______ the meeting.

(A) over

(B) at

(C) in

(D) for

Preside over / at something means to be incharge of an activity.

Preside over is more common than preside at.

The meeting was presided over by the honourable chairman.

She will preside at / over the trial.

8. Select the correct answer to fill in the blank. 

The ship, with its crew, _______ lost.

(A) were

(B) was

(C) were getting

(D) was being

Prepositional phrases such as 'with', 'accompanied by', 'coupled with', 'combined with', 'added to', 'along with', 'together with', 'as well as' and 'in addition to' do not change the number of the subject. These phrases are usually set off with commas.

Tina, as well as her entire family, wants to go to Delhi.

9. A place where bees are kept -

(A) Aviary

(B) Abattoir

(C) Granary

(D) Apiary

Aviary - a place for keeping birds confined.

Abattoir - a place where animals are butchered / killed for meat; slaughterhouse.

Granary - a large place for storing grain.

10. Select the correct spelling:

(A) Accommodition

(B) Accommodation

(C) Accomodation

(D) Acommodation

11. Add a suitable prefix to form the opposite of the word 'capable'.

(A) Uncapable

(B) Noncapable

(C) III-capable

(D) Incapable

12. The expression 'holier than thou' means

(A) pure

(B) religious

(C) moralistic

(D) sanctimonious

Sanctimonious means morally better than others.

13. The idiomatic expression 'make both ends meet' means

(A) get by

(B) get over

(C) get done

(D) get well

Get over means recover / recuperate from illness.

14. The idiomatic expression, 'once in a blue moon,' means

(A) rarely

(B) frequently

(C) regularly

(D) never

15. The antonym of the word 'weird' is

(A) Normal

(B) Casual

(C) Tired

(D) Worried

Weird means eerie, unnatural, unreal, mysterious, ghostly.

16. Convert the given sentence into an interrogative sentence:

I will meet you tomorrow.

(A) Where will you meet me?

(B) How will you meet me?

(C) Will you meet me?

(D) When will you meet me?

17. Fill in with a suitable preposition: 

He is taller than you ______ two inches.

(A) with

(B) of

(C) in

(D) by

18. The antonym of the word 'superficial' is

(A) Deep

(B) Artificial

(C) Apparent

(D) True

Superficial means hollow, empty-headed, frivolous, shallow, trivial 

19. The past tense of 'rewind' is

(A) rewinded

(B) rewounded

(C) rewound

(D) None of the above

20. The serenity of the place overwhelmed me. Replace the underlined word with a suitable word.

(A) Noiselessness

(B) Calmness

(C) Isolation

(D) Seclusion

Serenity synonyms - tranquillity, composure, calmness, quietness, peacefulness,  quietude, placidity

Isolation synonyms - loneliness, seclusion, solitude, aloofness, quarantine 

21. Choose the right option:

While I ______  in the library, someone threw a ball through the window.

(A) was sitting

(B) was seated

(C) had been sitting

(D) am sitting

22. Which is the correct sentence?

(A) An one-eyed person was seen roaming about the streets.

(B) A one-eyed person was seen roaming about the streets.

(C) The one eyed person was seen roaming about the streets.

(D) One-eyed person was seen roaming about the streets.

One-eyed, single-eyed etc.

Similarly, a one-rupee note

23. 'La Gioconda' (Mona Lisa) is _____ unique work of art.

Fill in the blank with the suitable article.

(A) the

(B) an

(C) a

(D) this

Similarly, a university

24. Fill in the blank with the right option:

He was offended _____ me unjustly.

(A) at

(B) for

(C) with

(D) towards

Be offended with someone at something (conduct).

Be offended by something.

25. Choose the right word for 'love of oneself'.

(A) Hedonism

(B) Masochism

(C) Narcissism

(D) Sadism

Hedonism refers to the belief that pleasure or happiness is the most important goal in life.

Masochism refers to the activity of getting sexual pleasure from being hurt.

Sadism refers to the activity of obtaining pleasure from hurting other people.

WBCS PRELI 2022 ENGLISH QUESTIONS

 WBCS PRELI 2022 ENGLISH QUESTIONS

1. Find the synonym of 'Covert'.

(A) Revert  (B) Secret  (C) Desert  (D) Honest

Synonyms of covert are clandestine, furtive, secret, stealthy, surreptitious, and underhanded. 

Revert means to go back to a previous state.

2. Insert the right preposition in the blank space: 

He died ____ dengue.

(A) with  (B) from  (C) of  (D) by

In modern english 

Die of or from hunger / a disease / a heart attack / wounds and injuries / a virus 

(die of is more common than die from)

Die of old age / a broken heart / fever / thirst / starvation 

Die for something / a person, place or idea (freedom) / a country 

Die in sleep

Die in an accident / a car crash

Die by violence / weapon / poison

Die from a cause (overwork) 

People who died with COVID 19 or died from COVID 19 or died of COVID 19 

3. Fill in the blank with the appropriate option:

She has no control ____ her temper.

(A) on  (B) with  (C) over  (D) after

The teacher has no control over the students.

He lost control of his car on the ice.

4. What parts of speech is the word 'Adjective'?

(A) Pronoun  (B) Noun  (C) Adjective  (D) Adverb

5. Which one is the plural number?

(A) Index  (B) Alumni  (C) Hypothesis  (D) Analysis

Plural form of index is indices.

Plural of analysis is analyses.

Plural of hypothesis is hypotheses.

Plural of alumnus is alumni.

6. Replace the underlined portion with an idiom from the list below:

They finally agreed on the business deal.

(A) let the cat out of the bag

(B) see eye to eye

(C) to feel under the weather

(D) to cut a corner

Let the cat out of the bag means to reveal a secret by mistake.

See eye to eye means to agree with each other.

To feel under the weather means to feel ill or unwell.

To cut a corner means to save time, money, energy etc. by doing things quickly.

7. It has been established that

(P) Einstein was

(Q) although a great scientist

(R) weak in arithmetic

(S) right from his school days

To form a correct and meaningful sentence, the proper sequence should be:

(A) (Q) (P) (R) (S)

(B) (P) (R) (S) (Q)

(C) (P) (S) (Q) (R)

(D) (Q) (P) (S) (R)

8. 'Philanthropist' means

(A) Humanitarian

(B) Hater of man

(C) Lover of animals

(D) Lover of books

Hater of man - Misandrist

Lover of animals - Zoophilist

Lover of books - Bibliophile

Philanthropist means altruist, benefactor, A person who freely gives money and helps others.

9. What is the synonym of 'Atrocity'?

(A) Solidarity  (B) Pity  (C) Cruelty  (D) Punctuality

Solidarity synonyms - unity, harmony, unification, cohesion.

Punctuality synonyms - readiness, promptness, promptitude, regularity.

Cruelty synonyms - brutality, spite, severity, savagery, ruthlessness, barbarity.

Pity synonyms - compassion, sympathy, charity, tenderness, condolence.

10. Give the one word substitution of: 

Creature having both male and female organs

(A) Sodomite  (B) Homosexual  (C) Masochist  (D) Hermaphrodite

11. What type of sentence is 'Do or Die'?

(A) Simple  (B) Complex  (C) Exclamatory  (D) Compound

12. The idiomatic expression 'A slap on the wrist' means

(A) Short on time

(B) A very mild punishment

(C) To have a dispute

(D) To force an issue

13. Choose the appropriate antonym of 'Adore'.

(A) Love  (B) Like  (C) Hate  (D) Ignore

14. Instead of 'tolerance' we can say

(A) bear on  (B) bear in  (C) bear with  (D) bear at

Bear on means to be related to something (সম্বন্ধ)

This is the policy that bears on the welfare of the society.

15. What is the most appropriate passive form of 

"Who has done the work?"?

(A) Who has been done the work?

(B) By whom has been done the work?

(C) Whom has done the work by?

(D) By whom has the work been done?

16. The antonym of 'Forgo' is

(A) Claim  (B) Despise  (C) Undergo  (D) Remember

Forgo means to abstain or refrain from

17. Fill in the blank with the correct word. 

Ram and his brothers were four in _____ .

(A) quantity  (B) number  (C) numbers  (D) totality

18. Give the one word substitution of: 

One who talks continuously

(A) Voracious  (B) Impecunious  (C) Loquacious  (D) Avaricious

Voracious synonyms - gluttonous, insatiable, ravenous, hungry, greedy, ravening,

devouring, unquenchable; অতিভোজী, লোভী 

Impecunious means poor, penniless, penurious, impoverished, indigent, insolvent, 

destitute

Loquacious means talkative, garrulous, voluble, babbling, chattering, gabby; বাচাল 

Avaricious means grasping, covetous, greedy, rapacious, mercenary; অর্থলোভী 

** Miserly means parsimonious, niggardly, penurious

19. Use a correct gerund in the blank space: 

I like _____ pictures.

(A) painting  (B) painted  (C) to paint  (D) paint

I like painting pictures. (Gerund)

I like painted pictures. (Participle)

I like to paint pictures. (Infinitive)

20. An Obstetrician deals with

(A) Child disease  

(B) Liver disease 

(C) Pregnancy & child birth

(D) Nerve disease

21. "I have done my duty." Which tense is this?

(A) Present Indefinite

(B) Present Perfect

(C) Past Perfect

(D) Past Indefinite

22. Fill in the blank with the appropriate option: 

He spends hours _____ the phone everyday.

(A) at  (B) on  (C) with  (D) in

Appropriate preposition: spend on, not spend for

23. Find the correctly spelt word.

(A) Reharsal   (B) Rehersal  (C) Rehearsal  (D) Rehearsel

24. Fill in the blank with the appropriate option:

He works _____ an insurance company.

(A) for  (B) at  (C) in  (D) with

I work for a small company.

I work at a small company.

He works in Kolkata.

He works at Park Street. 

He works at / in the university as a lecturer. 

He works for his mother. 

25. Fill in the blank with the appropriate option: 

What are you worrying ______ ?

(A) to  (B) with  (C) for  (D) about

Worry about means to be anxious about someone or something.

Worry at something means to think about it.

Worry over something means to worry about it.

WBCS PRELI 2023 ENGLISH QUESTIONS

WBCS PRELI 2023 ENGLISH QUESTIONS

1) Antonym of 'Chide'

a) Scold   b) Chastise  c) Praise  d) Arraign

Chide means to scold or rebuke.

Chastise means to criticize.

Arraign means to accuse someone of a particular crime. 

2) Pick out the word that is not similar to the others.

a) Pond  b) Water body  c) Lake  d) Stream

3) Choose the word that best replace the italicized words

In earlier times rebels very executed for killing the king.

a) homicide  b) regicide  c) parricide  d) fatricide

Homicide - the killing of one person by another.

Parricide - the killing of a close relative, especially a parent.

Fatricide - the killing of one's brother.

Patricide - the killing of one's father.

Matricide - the killing of one's mother.

4) Choose the correct option to frame a question from the following sentence, using the appropriate punctuation-

I asked him why he wasn't in class.

a) I asked him- "Why you not in class?"

b) I asked him, "Why you are not in class?"

c) I asked him: "Why you are not in class?"

d) I asked him, "Why are you not in class?"

5) Select the word that best replaces the italicized word in both of the following sentences.

(i) The police are trying to control  the crowd.

(ii) Junk food may have high levels of harmful chemicals.

a) check  b) blame  c) contain  d) incorporate

Contain means to have something inside. Another meaning of contain is to control or restrain.

Incorporate means to include something as part of something else.

The food chart incorporates different kinds of fruits and vegetables.

6) Choose the correct option to complete the sentence.

I am indebted to my friend's wise _____

a) council  b) councel  c) counsil  d) counsel

Council means an advisory or administrative body.

Counsel means to give advice.

Indebted (Adj) means grateful for help given. কৃতজ্ঞ, বাধিত, ঋণী 

Indebted to someone (Appropriate Preposition)

7) Read the following sentences and then select the correct option.

(i) One should not interfere in the personal affairs of others. 

(ii) The personal in that company are dissatisfied with their salaries.

(A) Only Sentence (i) is correct.

(B) Only Sentence (ii) is correct.

(C) Sentences (i) and (ii) are both correct.

(D) Sentences (i) and (ii) are both incorrect.

The second sentence should be - The personnel in that company are dissatisfied with their salaries. 

Personnel means people employed in an organisation. কর্মচারীবৃন্দ 

8. Identify the incorrect pair

(A) Kidney diseases - urologist

(B) Blood-related diseases - haematologist

(C) Diseases of the stomach - gastroenterologist

(D) Various types of cancer- oncologist

9. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.

We need to _____ this matter _____ thoroughly.

(A) look into; more

(B) look in; most

(C) look up; much

(D) look for; may be

Look into means to investigate something.

Look for means to search or find something.

Look up means to find information in a book.

Look in (on somebody) means to visit a person.

Look after means to take care of.

10. Identify the mood in the following sentence

- I would surely go there if I could.

(A) Indicative mood

(B) Interrogative mood

(C) Subjunctive mood

(D) Imperative mood

Indicative mood - This mood generally states fact and ask questions.

Imperative mood - This mood generally expresses a command or a request.

Subjunctive mood - This mood generally expresses a wish or doubt.

11. Of which of the phrases below is the term 'blog' an abbreviation?

(A) web log

(B) web blog

(C) web blogger

(D) web blogging

12. Select the word that best replaces both the italicized words in the sentences given below:

Sentence (i) The management did not find him suitable for the job.

Sentence (ii)-He was not able to arrange all his belongings into one suitcase.

(A) good

(B) apt

(C) fit

(D) cram

13. Select the idiom that best replaces the words in italics in the following sentence - You should review your options carefully before you make a decision.

(A) make hay while the sun shines

(B) sit on the fence

(C) look before you leap

(D) kill the golden goose

Make hay while the sun shines means to take advantage of a situation that is favorable to someone.

Sit on the fence means to delay making a decision 

Kill the golden goose means to destroy something that makes a lot of money for someone.

14. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate group of words.

He has ____ meticulous in _______ the project, _______ rise to _________ irregularities. 

(A) not being; overseen; given; much

(B) not; oversaw; give; more

(C) not been; overseeing; giving; many

(D) not be; oversee; gave; much

Meticulous means very careful, conscientious, diligent etc.

Oversee(Verb) means supervise or organize a job properly. Generally we use noun form after preposition (in). In this case noun form of 'oversee' is overseeing. 

15. Choose the word that can correctly replace both the italicized words in the following sentences. 

Sentence (i) I appreciate his exuberant nature.

Sentence (ii) - Everyone at the party was in a festive mood.

(A) excitable

(B) exorbitant

(C) exciting

(D) ebullient

Exuberant means full of energy, high-spirited, enthusiastic, lively, excited, vigorous, exhilarated, elated, ebullient, zestful.

Ebullient means cheerful, full of energy, exuberant.

Exorbitant means excessively high price, expensive, extravagant, unreasonable (exorbitant rate, exorbitant bill, exorbitant price, demand etc.).

16. Correctly change the following sentence to the active voice, using the appropriate punctuation - 

My daughter expressed her preference for History over English.

(A) My daughter says 'I prefer History over English.'

(B) My daughter said, "I prefer History over English."

(C) My daughter tells - 'I prefer History over English.'

(D) My daughter told, "I prefer History over English."

17. Who is a 'psephologist'?

(A) Someone who specializes in statistical studies of voting patterns in elections.

(B) Someone who specializes in a certain branch of neuropsychology.

(C) Someone who specializes in a certain branch of astrophysics.

(D) Someone who practises Freudian psychoanalysis.

18. Fill in the blanks with the correct set of words.

She was not interested ______ taking _____ French, but decided ____ opt _____ German instead.

(A) in; up; to; for

(B) to; on; in; with

(C) on; to; for; on

(D) for; to; in; to

19. Select the correct proverb to fill in the blank

in the following sentence:

It is best not to delay since ________

(A) beggars can't be choosers

(B) a stitch in time saves nine

(C) a bad workman blames his tools

(D) all's fair in love and war

Beggars can't be choosers - We use this idiom when there is no other option to choose and we have to accept whatever we are given.

A stitch in time saves nine means it is better to deal with a problem immediately when it is small than to wait and let it become a bigger problem. 

20. Fill in the blank with the correct word:

One should _______ one's studies with with utmost seriousness.

(A) persue

(B) parsue

(C) pirsue

(D) pursue

Pursue means making efforts to achieve something.

21. Choose the word which is synonymous with 'Adjunct'.

(A) Admonish

(B) Additional

(C) Amorphous

(D) Ambiguous

22. Which of the following is an auxiliary verb?

(A) Look

(B) Can

(C) Take

(D) Do

23. What kind of a person is a 'Clairvoyant'?

(A) An astrologer   জ্যোতিষী

(B) An astronomer   জ্যোতির্বিজ্ঞানী

(C) An astrophysicist   জ্যোতির্পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী

(D) An astronaut   মহাকাশচারী

Astronomy is a scientific study of the universe as the sun, the moon, planets and stars.

Astrology is a study of the movements and positions of the sun, the moon, planets and stars and their impact on human affairs.

A Clairvoyant is a person who can see the future.

An astrophysicist is person who studies physical structure of stars, planets etc. 

An astronaut is a person who is trained to travel in a spacecraft.

24. Choose the word which is nearest in meaning to 'Vicarious'.

(A) Vituperative

(B) Indirect

(C) Supportive

(D) Isolated

Vituperative means full of angry criticism.

Isolated means remote, distant, secluded, inaccessible, solitary, lonely.

Vicarious means indirect, surrogate, substitute. 

25. Choose the option that correctly changes the following sentence into indirect speech - 

He said, "I will go there tomorrow."

(A) He said that I will go there tomorrow.

(B) He told that he shall go there tomorrow.

(C) He said that he will go there after today.

(D) He said that he would go there the next day.

Current Affairs:May 2024

 Current Affairs: May 2024

1) Krishna M Ella has been appointed as president of the Indian Vaccine Manufacturers Association (IVMA).

2) Alok Shukla, an environmental activist from Chhattisgarh has been awarded the prestigious Goldman Environmental Prize for 2024.

3) India to provide grant for Development of KKS Port of Sri Lanka.

4) DRDO conducted a successful test of the Supersonic Missile-Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) system from Dr. Apj Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha.

5) Theme of International Labour Day 2024 - Ensuring safety and health at work in a changing climate.

6) IREDA - Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. has been given Navaratna Status by The Dept. of Public Enterprises.

7) EU allocates $1 billion aid to Lebanon. ( EU Estd - 1993).

8) NIPL (NPCI International Payments Ltd.) , the global wing of the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) signs UPI tech agreement with Bank of Namibia. (NPCI was founded in Dec, 2008 under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007).

9) China launched the Chang'e-6 probe to gather soil sample from the dark side of the moon. Pakistan's ICUBE-Q will join the mission.

10) India and Nigeria agreed to enhance cooperation in energy and local currency settlement.

11) Bhadra Tiger Reserve - in Karnataka's Western Ghats.

12) Rank of Indian in the World Press Freedom Index 2024 is 159, published by Reporters Without Borders.

13) Purnima Devi Barman from Assam received Green Oscar Whitley Gold Award 2024.

14) Hema Malini and Saira Banu have been awarded the prestigious Pandit Lacchu Maharaj Award.

15) Prof. Mohammad Rihan has been appointed as DG of the National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE). NISE is under Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

16) Renowned journalist Vinay Vir, singer Uma Ramanan and author Paul Auster passed away.

17) Record 2.10 lakh crore GST revenue collected in April, 2024.

18) Kathmandu becomes No 1 in the list of cities with Unhealthy Air.

19) Sunita Williams set for third space mission.

20) Kareena Kapoor has been appointed as the National Ambassador of UNICEF India.

21) Nakshatra Sabha - India's first Astro Tourism campaign by Uttarakhand Tourism Development Board.

22) UNESCO Guillermo Cano Prize 2024 has been awarded to Palestine Journalists covering the crisis in Gaza.

23) Sanjay Kumar Mishra has been appointed as the president of GST Appellate Tribunal.

24) Shashi Bhushan Singh has been appointed as the secretary of National Jute Board.

25) Gujarat's Kutch Ajrakh, a traditional textile craft got GI Tag.

26) India's first Constitution Park introduced in Pune.

27) Amul becomes lead sponsor for USA and South Africa in T20 World Cup 2024.

28) Victoria Shi -  Ukraine's AI diplomat (first in the world).

29) Subodh Kumar has been appointed as director in the Ministry of Ayush.

30) Jose Raul Mulino is the new president of Panama.

31) Renowned Urdu writer Salem Bin Razzaq and flimmaker Sangeeth Sivan passed away.

32) India beats Japan as 3rd Largest Solar Power Generator in 2023.

33) Wrestler Bajrang Punia has been suspended till Dec 31, 2024 by the United World Wrestling.

34) Uttarakhand has launched 'Pirul Lao - Paise Pao' campaign to combat forest fires.

35) Pawan Sindhi has been awarded prestigious Global Pride of Sindhi Award 2024.

36) R. Lakshmi Kanth Rao has been appointed as the Executive Director at RBI.

37) National Technology Day - 11 May.

38) New Zealand's Colin Munro announces retirement from International Cricket.

39) DRDO and IIT Bhubaneswar have initiated a partnership in Defence Technology Projects.

40) International Nurses Day - 12 May.

41) Nepal's Kami Rita Sherpa has set new record by climbing Mt. Everest 29 times.

42) Coca Cola India joins Hockey India to empower Women's Hockey.

43) Meghalaya gets first woman DGP Idashisha Nongrang.

44) Bangladesh will host ICC Women's T20 World Cup 2024.

45) Sreelekha Mitra appointed as National Spokesperson of Human Rights Council of India.

46) Salima Tete as new captain of Indian Women's Hockey Team.

47) Yuzvendra Chahal to become first indian bowler to 350 T20 wickets.

48) Mikhali Mishustin reappointed as Russian PM.

49) China's Xu Feihong becomes new ambassador to India.

50) Hindon River - tributary of Yamuna river.

51) Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary - located in Assam.

52) 19th session of the United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF) was held in New York.

53) Pench Tiger Reserve - located in Maharashtra.

54) Shakti -  joint military exercise between India and France.

55) Sahitya Akademi Fellowship has been given to Ruskin Bond.

56) Indian Air Force tests BHISHM Portable Hospital Cubes in Agra.

57) Vivek Kolhe elected as IFFCO Director. Dileep Sanghani elected as Chairman of IFFCO

58) China surpasses USA as India's largest trading partner in FY 2023- 2024.

59) Canadian Nobel Prize winning author Alice Ann Munro died at 92.

60) World largest plant to extract CO2 from air introduced in Iceland.

61) NASA will build First Railway System on Moon.

62) India signs 10 year deal to operate Iran's Chabahar Port.

63) P. Shyaamnikhil becomes India's 85th Chess Grandmaster.

64) Sunil Chhetri has announced retirement from International football.

65) English bowler James Anderson has announced retirement from International cricket.

66) Pakistan successfully tests multi-launch rocket system Fatah-II.

67) Japan and USA to develop Hypersonic Missile Interceptors by 2030s.

68) India has announced humanitarian assistance worth $ 1 million to Kenya.

69) Chandrakant Satija has been awarded Global Excellence Award 2024 for outstanding contributions in education.

70) Japan recently unveiled the world’s first 6G device.

71) USA becomes the 1st corn producing country, India at 6th position.

72) Balrampur district in Uttar Pradesh is renowned as the “City of Pulses.”

73) Arunachal's Sela Tunnel becomes highest tunnel in India.

74) World Red Cross Day - 8 May

75) World Thalassaemia Day - 8 May

76) 'Everest Man' Kami Rita from Nepal has made a record to climb Mt. Everest 29 times.

77) “Sultana’s Dream” by Begum Rokeya was included in UNESCO’s “Memory of the World” list.

78) Venezuela becomes first country to lose all Glaciers.

79) Three Indian literary works – Ramcharitmanas, Panchatantra, and Sahṛdayaloka-Locana added to UNESCO's Asia-Pacific Regional Register. 

80) Brazil will host of the Women’s World Cup 2027 (football).

81) Archaeologists recently discovered the first evidence of rock art in Mangaluru city of Karnataka.

82) Ebrahim Raisi, President of Iran, passed away in helicopter crash.

83) William Lai Ching-Te has become new President of Taiwan.

84) Ed Dwight, American first black astronaut candidate, finally reaches space.

85) Karnataka's Nandini Dairy to sponsor for Scotland for T20 World Cup.

86) RBI approves the appointment of Pradeep Natarajan as Whole Time Director on the Board of IDFC FIRST Bank.

87) Cristiano Ronaldo becomes the highest paid athelete again.

88) India’s foreign exchange reserves is now $644.15 Billion.

89) Alexander Zverev won his second Italian Open Men's single title and  Iga Swiatek won Italian Open Women's single title. 

90) Gopi Thotakura created history by becoming the first Indian space tourist.

91) Indian-origin professor Shrinivas R Kulkarni wins Shaw Prize in Astronomy.

92) General To Lam was elected as the new President of Vietnam.

93) RBI approves highest-ever dividend of Rs 2.11 lakh crore for 2023-24 to Central Government.

94) Buddhist festival Saga Dawa celebrated in Sikkim.

95) E-Rickshaw driver Arti of UP conferred UK’s Women's Empowerment Award.

96) World’s highest observatory (5,640 meters above sea level) 'Atacama Observatory' inaugurated in Chile by University of Tokyo. 

97) NASA will launch 'PREFIRE' mission to study Earth's polar region.

98) Assam has launched Disaster Reporting and Information Management System (DRIMS) for disaster management.

99) South Korea hosted the second global AI Safety Summit in Seoul.

100) DD Kisan channel will launch two artificial intelligence (AI) anchors, Krish and Bhoomi. 

101) ICC has appointed Pakistan’s Shahid Afridi as the brand ambassador of the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup, co-hosted by the West Indies and the United States of America.

102) Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) won their third Indian Premier League (IPL) title by beating Sunriser Hyderabad (SRH) in the final of the 17th edition of IPL.

103) Dipa Karmakar won a gold medal in Asian Championships held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

104) Payal Kapadia's film 'All We Imagine as Light' won the prestigious Grand Prix award in the 77th Cannes Film Festival. Anasuya Sengupta wins best actress award at Cannes for her acting in “The Shameless.”

105) Smartphones become India's fourth-largest export item with a 42% growth and amounting $15.6 billion in FY24.

106) Jyoti Ratre from Madhya Pradesh becomes India’s oldest woman to conquer Mount Everest at the age 55. Kaamya Karthikeyan becomes youngest Indian to scale Mt. Everest.

107) National Desert Park, Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, has witnessed a significant presence of the critically endangered Great Indian Bustard (64 in number).

108) Centre sanctioned borrowing up to Rs 21,253 crore to tackle Kerala’s economic crisis.

109) Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve is situated in Tamil Nadu.

110) G7 commits to net-zero emissions by 2050.

111) Kairos by German writer Jenny Erpenbeck, translated by Michael Hofmann, won the International Booker Prize 2024.

112) According to Wildlife Institute of India more than 4000 Gangetic Dolphins are there in the Gangetic River basin.

The Hindu Vocabulary : Part 6

 The Hindu Vocabulary : Part 6

In a world where rudimentary understanding often yields to more discerning analysis, the concept of probity becomes paramount. However, amidst this pursuit of moral integrity, the pernicious specter of infringement lurks, threatening to alienate individuals from their principles. It is a formidable challenge to maintain one's ethical compass in the face of temptation and societal pressures. Yet, it is through steadfast adherence to principles of honesty and integrity that we navigate the treacherous waters of moral ambiguity, ensuring our actions remain untainted by the shadows of infringement.

1) Rudimentary (Adj)

limited to basic principles 

basic, elementary, introductory, fundamental, essential, primary, preliminary 

প্রাথমিক, অপরিপক্ক 

rudimentary knowledge, plan etc.

2) Yield (Verb)

to produce 

bring in, earn, generate, provide 

উৎপাদন করা

This soil always yield good fruits.

(another meaning of yield is surrender, synonyms - give in, capitulate, concede, submit, succumb

The army will not yield to superior forces.) 

3) Discerning (Adj)

showing good judgement 

judicious, insightful, perceptive, astute, wise, prudent, shrewd, sagacious

 বিচক্ষণ, নির্ণায়ক, সূক্ষ্ম 

Mr. Roy is discerning in his analysis. 

He is a discerning critic.

4) Probity (Noun)

the quality of having strong moral principles 

honesty, integrity, uprightness, morality, rectitude, righteousness, fidelity 

সততা, ন্যায়পরতা 

His probity in this  beyond doubt.

5) Paramount(Adj)

superior to all others, supreme 

principal, cardinal, foremost, eminent, predominant

প্রধান, সর্বশ্রেষ্ঠ 

The welfare of the society must be of paramount importance.

6) Pursuit (Noun) - a quest for something , hunt, inquiry, following - সাধনা, অনুসরণ

7) Integrity (Noun) - unity, cohesion, wholeness

(another meaning of integrity is honesty; synonyms - principle, purity, probity, rectitude, uprightness, scrupulousness)

8) Pernicious (Adj) - harmful, fatal, toxic, malicious, malign, malignant, detrimental, malevolent, noxious, venomous, ruinous, baleful, deleterious, injurious, pestilent, maleficent - ক্ষতিকারক, সর্বনাশা

9) Specter - spirit or ghost, (here something that haunts the mind)

10) Infringement (Noun) - an action that breaks a law, rule etc., violation, contravention, breach, trespass, transgression - নিয়মলঙ্ঘন, আইন ভঙ্গ

(Infringement also means a crime less serious than a felony, misdemeanour, infraction - অপকর্ম )  

11) Lurks - remain hidden, lie in wait ( লুকিয়ে থাকা, গুপ্তভাবে প্রতীক্ষা করা)

12) Alienate (Verb) - isolate, set apart, detach, seperate - বিচ্ছিন্ন করা, বিভেদ সৃষ্টি করা 

(alienate also means to become unfriendly or hostile; synonyms - antagonize, anger, estrange, annoy)

13) Principle (Noun) - moral, ideal, axiom, canon, dogma, dictum, criterion, doctrine, ethic, precept

14) Formidable (Adj) - impressive, tremendous, mighty, awesome, terrific, invincible, arduous, mammoth, colossal, onerous, challenging -  ভয়ানক, দুর্দান্ত, শক্তিশালী, ভয়ঙ্কর 

15) Ethical (Adj) - relating to moral principles - নৈতিক কর্তব্য বিষয়ক

16) Temptation (Noun) - enticement, lure, seduction, allurement, decoy, bait - প্রলোভন 

17) Steadfast (Adj) - firm, resolute -  অটল, দৃঢ়ভাবে স্থাপিত

18) Treacherous (Adj) - disloyal, deceitful, traitorous, treasonable, untrustworthy -  বিশ্বাসঘাতক 

19) Ambiguity (Noun) - vagueness, doubt, uncertainty, obscurity, enigma, equivocation, inconclusiveness, dubiety, dubiousness, equivocality - অস্পষ্টতা

20) Untainted (Adj) - not contaminated, polluted or tarnished - অবিকৃত, অমলিন 

synonyms - clean, pure, immaculate, innocent, virtuous, stainless, impeccable, unblemished, irreproachable, uncorrupted, unadulterated